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1 Flügge-Lotz, Irmgard
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 1903 Germanyd. 1974 USA[br]German/American aeronautical engineer, specializing inflight control.[br]Both her father, a mathematician, and her mother encouraged Flügge-Lotz in her desire, unusual for a woman at that time, for a technical education. Her interest in aeronautics was awakened when she was a child, by seeing zeppelins (see Zeppelin, Ferdinand, Count von) being tested. In 1923 she entered the Technische Hochschule in Hannover to study engineering, specializing in aeronautics; she was often the only woman in the class. She obtained her doctorate in 1929 and began working in aeronautics. Two years later she derived the Lotz Method for calculating the distribution in aircraft wings of different shapes, which became widely used. Later, Flügge-Lotz took up an interest in automatic flight control of aircraft, notably of the discontinuous or "on-off" type. These were simple in design, inexpensive to manufacture and reliable in operation. By 1928 she had risen to the position of head of the Department of Theoretical Aerodynamics at Göttingen University, but she and her husband, Wilhelm Flügge, an engineering academic known for his anti-Nazi views, felt themselves increasingly discriminated against by the Hitler regime. In 1948 they emigrated to the USA, where Flügge was soon offered a professorship in engineering, while his wife had at first to make do with a lectureship. But her distinguished work eventually earned her appointment as the first woman full professor in the Engineering Department at Stanford University.She later extended her work on automatic flight control to the guidance of rockets and missiles, earning herself the description "a female Werner von Braun ".[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsSociety of Women Engineers Achievement Award 1970. Fellow, Institution of Aeronautics and Astronautics.BibliographyFlügge-Lotz was the author of two books on automatic control and over fifty scientific papers.Further ReadingA.Stanley, 1993, Mothers and Daughters of Invention, Meruchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, pp. 899–901.LRD -
2 Lotz, Irmgard
See: Flügge-Lotz, Irmgard -
3 Aerospace
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Caproni, Giovanni BattistaDassault, MarcelGiffard, Baptiste Henry JacquesJohnson, Clarence LeonardKorolov, Sergei PavlovichSopwith, Sir Thomas Octave MurdochTsiolkovsky, Konstantin Eduardovich
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FLÜGGE-LOTZ — GERMANY (see also List of Individuals) 3.7.1903 Hameln/D 22.5.1974 Palo Alto/USA Irmgard Flügge Lotz entered Technical University of Hannover in 1923 and graduated in engineering thereby specializing in aeronautics. She received the PhD title in… … Hydraulicians in Europe 1800-2000
Irmgard Flügge-Lotz — Irmgard Flügge Lotz, née Irmgard Lotz (1903 1974) was a German mathematician and engineer, best known for her work on the mathematics of aerodynamics, the first female engineering professor at the Stanford University.After her father was drafted… … Wikipedia
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